Department:
Catalysis & Inorganic Chemical Technology
Project manager(s):
Year:
2020
| In the last two decades, the elimination of freons (CFCs) and other problems of destructive environmental refrigerants have created limitations for experts in various industries in the selection of refrigerants. Considering energy efficiency, these experts should design new devices and equipment and make devices safe to use natural gases to detect harmless refrigerants for the environment. Environmental issues related to greenhouse gases and ozone depletion have led to much research focusing on finding suitable alternatives to current common refrigerants. Meanwhile, hydrocarbon refrigerants, due to their abundance and availability, as well as having suitable and special thermophysical properties, have a better chance of being a priority in the ventilation and refrigeration industry than other natural materials. In the following report, the history of refrigerants, types of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon refrigerants, optimal characteristics of refrigerants, physical and chemical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants, production status and consumption of refrigerant gases, standards and tests related to hydrocarbon refrigerants, standard formulations of refrigerant grade and samples of foreign products of hydrocarbons and adaptation of domestic raw materials to formulations as well as the process of consumption and replacement of refrigerant gases were analyzed. In addition, by considering the advantages of R290 and R600a hydrocarbon refrigerants compared to other non-hydrocarbon refrigerants, the capability to replace other refrigerants with hydrocarbon refrigerants was reported. Also, based on the review of existing international standards and the data sheets of available foreign products, the specifications for the production of R290 and R600a hydrocarbon refrigerants were prepared. At the end, strategic suggestions for entering and investment on the field of hydrocarbon refrigerants in Iran and conducting additional research were presented. |